Nursing actions before and after a protocol for preventing pressure injury in intensive care
Acciones de enfermería antes y después protocolo preventivo de lesiones por presión en terapia intensiva
Ações de enfermagem antes e após um protocolo de prevenção de lesões por pressão em terapia intensiva
Josilene de Melo Buriti Vasconcelos; Maria Helena Larcher Caliri
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the actions of nursing professionals before and after using a protocol for preventing pressure injuries in an intensive care unit.
Methods: An observational, prospective, before and after comparative study, using a quantitative approach, was carried out in a teaching hospital in Paraíba. Nursing actions were observed during 38 bed baths before the protocol and 44 afterwards.
Results: After using the protocol, a greater frequency of actions was noted: assessment of risk for pressure injuries on days following admission (p < 0.001), observation of bony prominences (p < 0.001) and application of moisturizer in all body regions (p < 0.001), lifting the patient from the bed during repositioning (p < 0.001), protection of knee bone prominences (p = 0.015), and elevation of the calcaneus (p < 0.005).
Conclusion: The higher frequency of preventive actions after using the protocol demonstrates the importance of this tool in the adoption of evidence-based recommendations by professionals.
Keywords
Resumen
Palabras clave
Resumo
Objetivo: Avaliar as ações dos profissionais de enfermagem, antes e após utilização de protocolo de prevenção de lesões por pressão, em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva.
Métodos: Estudo observacional, prospectivo, comparativo, do tipo antes e depois, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado em hospital de ensino, na Paraíba. Foram observadas as ações de enfermagem durante 38 banhos no leito antes e 44 depois do protocolo.
Resultados: Após uso do protocolo, observou-se maior frequência das ações: avaliação do risco para lesões por pressão nos dias subsequentes à admissão (p < 0,001), observação de proeminências ósseas (p < 0,001) e aplicação de hidratante (p < 0,001), em todas as regiões corporais, elevação do paciente do leito na movimentação (p < 0,001), proteção de proeminências ósseas do joelho (p = 0,015) e elevação do calcâneo (p < 0,005).
Conclusão: A maior frequência de ações preventivas após uso do protocolo demonstra a importância dessa ferramenta na adoção das recomendações baseadas em evidências científicas pelos profissionais.
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References
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Submitted date:
02/16/2016
Accepted date:
10/01/2016
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