Implications of nursing performance in coping with COVID-19: emotional exhaustion and strategies used
Implicaciones del trabajo de enfermería en la lucha contra el COVID-19: agotamiento emocional y estrategias utilizadas
Implicações da atuação da enfermagem no enfrentamento da COVID-19: exaustão emocional e estratégias utilizadas
Larissa Fonseca Ampos; Luiza Paloschi Dalla Vecchia; Juliana Petri Tavares; Marcio Wagner Camatta; Tânia Solange Bosi de Souza Magnago; Daiane Dal Pai
Abstract
Objective: to analyze the self-perceived implications and strategies used by Nursing workers from COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 units regarding professional performance in coping with the pandemic.
Method: a multicenter and descriptive-exploratory study with a qualitative approach, developed at four hospitals in southern Brazil between January and May 2021. 19 workers from the Nursing team were interviewed, 10 of which were assigned to COVID-19 units and 9 to non-COVID-19 units. Thematic content analysis was performed.
Results: two categories emerged: (1) Emotional exhaustion and its impact on work, due to severity of the patients and high number of deaths in COVID-19 units and organizational changes and work overload in non-COVID units; and (2) Coping strategies used, similar in the units in terms of self-care, leisure, physical activity and spirituality, but different in terms of professional fulfillment, present in the COVID-19 units.
Conclusion and implications for the practice: The pandemic increased exhaustion in the Nursing workers who used mitigating strategies, highlighting the difference in understanding the cause of exhaustion and in carrying out the work felt by workers in COVID-19 units. The need to monitor the health of Nursing workers that were active during the pandemic is highlighted.
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Resumen
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Resumo
Objetivo: analisar as implicações autopercebidas e as estratégias utilizadas por trabalhadores de enfermagem de unidades dedicadas e não dedicadas à COVID-19 acerca da atuação profissional no enfrentamento da pandemia.
Método: estudo multicêntrico, descritivo-exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvido em quatro hospitais do sul do Brasil, entre janeiro e maio de 2021. Foram entrevistados 19 trabalhadores da equipe de enfermagem, sendo 10 lotados em unidades dedicadas à COVID-19 e 9 em unidades não dedicadas. Fez-se análise de conteúdo do tipo temática.
Resultados: emergiram duas categorias: (1) Exaustão emocional e seu impacto no trabalho, devido à gravidade dos pacientes e ao elevado número de óbitos nas unidades dedicadas e às mudanças organizacionais e à sobrecarga de trabalho nas não dedicadas; e (2) Estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas, semelhantes nas unidades quanto ao autocuidado, lazer, atividade física e espiritualidade, mas diferente quanto a realização profissional, presente nas unidades dedicadas à COVID-19.
Conclusão e Implicações para a Prática: a pandemia incrementou a exaustão dos trabalhadores da enfermagem que utilizaram estratégias atenuantes, com destaque para a diferença na compreensão da origem da exaustão e na realização com o trabalho sentido pelos trabalhadores das unidades dedicadas. Evidencia a necessidade de acompanhamento à saúde dos trabalhadores de enfermagem atuantes na pandemia.
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Referências
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Submetido em:
11/08/2022
Aceito em:
28/10/2022
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